The irradiation of monolayer graphene, combined with chemical functionalization, could be an effective method for modifying its electronic structure and for achieving specific physical properties adjusted to different applications. A difficulty arising during planning and studying the irradiation in this system is that many of the models of interaction of the radiation with the substance cannot be applied to the two-dimensional structure of graphene. In particular, the mathematical expressions available to calculate the number of atoms displaced during the bombardment with particles can be applied only to 3D isotropic solids. In the present work, an alternative analytic expression is presented for the irradiation of graphene with heavy ions or with protons and other light charged particles. The expression was obtained on the basis of the classic theory of dispersion, using a Coulomb potential for the light charged particles and one of Inverse Square for heavy ions. For medium values of the energy of the incident particle a decreasing dependence of the number of displaced atoms with energy is obtained. This behavior, related with the two-dimensional structure of the target, had been observed in other authors' works using computational simulation. © 2011 Akadémiai Kiadó.

A polycrystalline material or 'powder' is an ensemble of several randomly oriented crystallites.The size of the elementary crystals is of the order of micrometer. Microcrystalline compounds cannot be singled out to be characterized in the same way as single crystals. Chemical matter, drugs, minerals, heritage manufacts can be available or can be reduced in the form of crystalline powders.....

Le polveri provenienti dall'industria che produce acciai al carbonio ed utilizzail forno elettrico ad arco (polveri FEA) contengono quantità variabili ma elevatedi metalli riciclabili come ferro e zinco; tuttavia queste polveri non possonoessere processate direttamente in impianti tradizionali di tipo termico (es. forniWaelz) o chimico (es. Ezinex®) per la loro particolare composizione e per lapresenza della zinco-ferrite. In questo lavoro, a valle di uno studio condotto suiprincipali processi idrometallurgici disponibili, è stato proposto uno schemaper il recupero dello zinco e del ferro per via chimica mediante metodologiaSRE (Selective Reactive Extraction) e la decomposizione della zinco-ferriteutilizzando reattivi riciclabili ed a basso impatto ambientale. Lo schema èteoricamente compatibile con il processo Ezinex® e permette il recupero dellamaggior parte del ferro riciclabile (Fe2O3) e dello zinco la riduzione al minimo delquantitativo di residui prodotti

Imines represent an important class of molecules that are widely used (as intermediates) in the synthesis of a number of Nheterocycliccompounds [1]. These molecules are a product of reversible condensation of an amine and an aldehyde formed through the dynamic bond (a thermodynamically favored product). General procedure for the synthesis of new carbazole substituted imines: 14.26 mmol of 3-amino-9-ethylcarbazole were dissolved in ethanol (30 ml) and added to 14.26 mmol Na2CO3 and 14.26 mmol aldehydes derivates. The reaction mixture wasthen refluxed for 24 hours at 90°C. The solution was extracted with AcOEt with an aqueous phase. The organic phase was washed three times with water, dried with anhydrous magnesium sulphate, and evaporated under reduced pressure. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) data for the imines samples were collected using a Bruker-Nonius KappaCCD single-Crystal diffractometer (Mo Ka radiation, l = 0.71073 Å), installed at IC-CNR, Bari, ItalyThe structures were solved by Direct Methods implemented in SIR2014 [2] and refined by SHELXL2014 [3] using a full-Matrix least-squares method based on F2. The non-hydrogen atoms were refined anisotropically. All the structures were characterized by non-negligible hydrogen bonds.In Figure the molecular structure of one of the imine compounds [N-(5-nitrobenzylidene)-9-ethyl-9H-carbazol-3-amine (C21H17N3O2)] is shown.The steps of imines synthesis and the main crystallographic results of the single crystal XRD study of the imines compounds will be described.

In the field of inorganic protective substances of porous calcareous materials alternatives to nanolime[1], [2] the alcoholic dispersion of colloidal strontium hydroxide may show some effectiveness[3], [4] due to the peculiar chemical-physical features and compatibility with the crystal structure of calcareous. In this work the development of a rapid (about 6h) "bottom-up" procedure of the dispersion has been realized. The colloidal particles have an average diameter of 200 nm and PdI (Poly dispersion Index) is equal to 0.144 (mono-disperse). The colloidal particles show a good kinetic stability (600 nm) with a zeta potential of +28mV. Tests conducted in the laboratory on a glass slide show that the transformation of strontium hydroxide into the corresponding carbonate, in air and under controlled humidity and temperature conditions (21°C, 51% R.H.), is complete in 8~10 days. The characterization is performed by powder X-Ray Diffraction[5] and Dynamic Light Scattering (D.L.S.)[6].