The beginning of the cosmological phase bearing the direct kinematic imprints of supernovae (SNe) dimming may significantly vary within different models of late-time cosmology, even if such models are able to fit present SNe data at a comparable level of statistical accuracy. This effect—useful in principle to discriminate among different physical interpretations of the luminosity– redshift relation—is illustrated here with a pedagogical example based on the Lemaˆıtre–Tolman–Bondi geometry.

n this article we analyze the electrodynamics in curved space-time in the Lemaître–Tolman–Bondi metric. We calculate the most general scale factor in this inhomoge- neous Universe. We also study the presence of electromag- netic field bubbles in the Universe.

In this paper, we introduce a Lemaître-Tolman-Bondi (LTB) Bianchi type I (plane symmetric) model of the Universe. We study and solve Einstein field equations. We investigate the effects of such a model of the Universe; in particular, these results are important in understanding the effect of the combined presence of an inhomogeneous and anisotropic universe. The observational magnitude-redshift data deviated from the UNION 2 catalog have been analyzed in the framework of this LTB anisotropic universe, and the fit has been achieved without the inclusion of any dark energy.