Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Durum Wheat Cultivars under Different Sowing Dates and Water Regimes

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Abstract

This study aims at understanding the best management practices to improve water useefficiency of durum wheat, a strategic crop for the Mediterranean region. A field workwas carried out at the experimental fields of Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Bari(IAMB) in Valenzano (Southern Italy), to investigate the performances of two cultivars(Vendetta and Pietrafitta) of durum wheat when grown under the combined effects oftwo sowing dates (December and February, reported respectively as winter and springcultivation) and three different water regimes (full irrigation, deficit irrigation with 50% offull irrigation supply, and rainfed). The responses in terms of growth, yield and yieldquality and water use efficiency have been studied.The results demonstrated that both sowing practices gave very good yield, in terms ofquantity and quality, especially when full irrigation was applied. The winter wheatcultivation resulted in greater yield water use efficiency (WUEy) than the spring wheatcultivation. 'Vendetta' was more productive than 'Pietrafitta', the latter was less adaptedto spring cultivation and water stress.Full irrigated wheat provided the highest yield, but lower WUEy in respect to deficiirrigated wheat. Favorable climatic conditions during the winter season supported areasonable level of yield and high WUEy for rainfed crops sown in winter. Springcultivation of wheat requires irrigation. Deficit irrigated wheat had the highest WUEy,showing that the use of non-optimal (supplemental) irrigation is a good strategy toimprove yields of durum wheat in semi-arid areas and save water.

Autore Pugliese

Tutti gli autori

  • A. Zoabi ; V. Cantore; A. Arslan; V. Buono; A.M. Stellacci; M. Todorovi

Titolo volume/Rivista

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Anno di pubblicazione

2014

ISSN

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ISBN

2-85352-536-8

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