Abstract

The wide range of applications of cold plasmas originates from their specialcharacteristic of being a physical system out of thermodynamic equilibrium. This propertyenhances its reactivity at low gas temperature and allows to obtain macroscopic effectswith a moderate energy consumption. In this review, the basic concepts of non-equilibriumin ionized gases are treated by showing why and how non-equilibrium functions of thedegrees of freedom are formed in a variety of natural and man-made plasmas with particularemphasis on the progress made in the last decade. The modern point of view of a molecularbasis of non-equilibrium and of a state-to-state kinetic approach is adopted.Computational and diagnostic techniques used to investigate the non-equilibrium conditionsare also surveyed. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]

Autore Pugliese

• Dilecce Giorgio

Tutti gli autori

• Taccogna F.; Dilecce G.

Titolo volume/Rivista

The European physical journal. D, Atomic, molecular and optical physics

Anno di pubblicazione

2016

ISSN

1434-6060

ISBN

Non Disponibile

Numero di citazioni Wos

Nessuna citazione

Ultimo Aggiornamento Citazioni

Non Disponibile

Numero di citazioni Scopus

Non Disponibile

Ultimo Aggiornamento Citazioni

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Settori ERC

Non Disponibile

Codici ASJC

Non Disponibile