Increase of Fumonisin B2 and ochratoxin A production by black Aspergillus species and oxidative stress in grape berries damaged by powdery mildew.

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Abstract

Powdery mildew (PM), caused by the fungus Erysiphe necator, is one of the most widespread fungal disease of grape and maycause extensive openings on the berry surface during the infection. We evaluated the effect of damage caused by PM in grape berrieson the growth of and mycotoxin production by Aspergillus and on the oxidative stress in infected berries. Berries of Vitis vinifera L.cv. Negroamaro with sound skin (SS) and those naturally infected by PM were surface sterilized and inoculated with eitherfumonisin B2 (FB2)-producing strains of Aspergillus niger or ochratoxin A (OTA)-producing strains of Aspergillus carbonariusand incubated at 20 and 30uC. The PM berries were significantly more susceptible to both Aspergillus colonization (5 to 15 timesmore susceptible) and OTA and FB2 contamination (2 to 9 times more susceptible) than were SS berries. The highest toxinconcentration was detected in inoculated PM berries both for OTA (9 ng/g) at 20uC and for FB2 (687 ng/g) at 30uC. In inoculated SSand PM berries, although malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide concentrations did not increase, the two black Aspergillusspecies caused a significant decrease in ascorbate content, thus inducing a pro-oxidant effect. These results indicate that grape berriesaffected by PM are more susceptible to black Aspergillus growth and to production and/or accumulation of FB2 and OTA. Thus,preventive control of E. necator on grape berries could reduce the mycotoxicological risk from black Aspergillus infection.

Autore Pugliese

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  • Cozzi G.; Paciolla C.; Haidukowski M.; De Leonardis S.; Mulè G.; Logrieco A.

Titolo volume/Rivista

Journal of food protection

Anno di pubblicazione

2013

ISSN

0362-028X

ISBN

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Numero di citazioni Wos

Nessuna citazione

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Numero di citazioni Scopus

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Settori ERC

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Codici ASJC

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