Abstract

T-2 toxin (T-2) and HT-2 toxin (HT-2) are type A trichothecene mycotoxins produced by several Fusarium species, mainly Fusarium sporotrichioides, Fusarium langsethiae and Fusarium poae. Generally, these Fusarium species can grow on cereals and produce T-2 and HT-2 under moist cool conditions already prior to harvesting [1]. Among cereals, oats, wheat, rye and derived products are key dietary sources of T-2 and HT-2 exposure [1]. Fluorescence polarization (FP) immunoassay is a homogeneous technique that is getting attention as a screening tool in food safety control due to its simplicity, rapidity, cheapness and reliability. A rapid, sensitive and reliable FP immunoassay has been recently reported for the determination of the sum of T-2 and HT- 2 toxins in wheat [2]. The aim of present work was to evaluate the applicability of the above-mentioned FP immunoassay to other unprocessed cereals, such as rye, and cereal-based products, such as oats crispbread, for the quantitative determination of the total content of T-2 and HT-2. The concept of determining the total content of T-2 and HT-2 in cereal samples for both official control purposes and risk assessment studies results in line with the EC Recommendation [3]. No purification step of extracts was required, although in order to reduce the matrix effect a dilution step with NaCl solution (4 % for rye and 1% for oats crispbread), in a ratio 1:5 (v/v), was necessary to let precipitation of proteins and matrix interfering compounds. For the optimized FP immunoassay, LOD of 0.20 ng/mL (equivalent to 20 ?g/kg in rye and oats crispbread) was calculated. Overall mean recoveries of the optimized FP immunoassay were 105 and 107% for rye and oats crispbread, respectively, with relative standard deviations lower than 4%. The analytical performances of the optimized FP immunoassay in terms of accuracy and precision fulfill the criteria established by the European Commission [4]. In addition, a comparative analysis of the levels of contamination in spiked and blank samples was performed by both FP immunoassay and UHPLC method. In particular, a total of 30 rye and oats crispbread samples, of which 20 spiked samples at levels from 50 to 700 ?g/kg and 10 uncontaminated samples, were analyzed. The proposed method coupled performances in terms of sensitivity, accuracy and precision comparable to those of a chromatographic technique with rapidity (20 min), costs and simplicity typical of a high-throughput screening method and can be used as a valid alternative to more expensive and time-consuming LC methods for quantitative determination in rye and oats crispbread [5].ACKNOWLEDGMENTSThis work has been supported by the Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research (MIUR) project no. CTN01_00230 CL.A.N. Cluster Tecnologici Nazionali - SAFE&SMART project "New enabling technologies for food safety and food chain integrity within a global scenario". REFERENCES[1] EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chai

Autore Pugliese

• Pascale Michelangelo , Lippolis Vincenzo

Tutti gli autori

• A.C.R. Porricelli; V. Lippolis; S. Valenzano; M. Cortese; M. Suman; S. Zanardi; M. Pascale

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Anno di pubblicazione

2016

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