Abstract

Maternal exposure to ambient pollution has been increasingly linked to the risk ofcongenital anomalies (CAs) in fetus and newborns. Recently, a descriptive study(Gianicolo et al., 2012) revealed an increased prevalence of total CAs and in particular,congenital heart diseases (CHDs) and ventricular septal defects (VSDs) in Brindisi,both at local level and in comparison with the pool of EUROCAT registries. Due to thepresence of many sources of pollution near the urban area, in the 1980s, Brindisi andsurrounding municipalities were identifi ed by the Italian Ministry of Environment asan "area at high risk of environmental crisis". Epidemiological studies have revealedseveral critical situations in terms of increasing rates of mortality and morbidity directlyor potentially associated with environmental and occupational exposure to pollutants.This population-based case-control study investigated the association of maternalexposure to air pollutants sulfur dioxide (SO2) and total suspended particulate matter(TSP) with the risk of CA. Cases were newborns to mothers residing in Brindisi between2001 and 2010, up to 28 days of age, and discharged with a diagnosis of CA. Casesand controls were individually matched according to sex, socioeconomic status ofthe census area of residence of the mother, and year of conception. Four controlswere extracted for each case. Concentration data from monitoring stations datawere used to estimate air pollution exposure. Each case and control were assignedpollutant concentration values (weeks 3-8 of pregnancy). Exposure as both continuousand categorical variable was considered and a conditional logistic regression modelwas constructed to quantify the odds ratios of exposure to air pollutants and theoccurrence of total CAs, CHDs and VSDs. We found exposure to SO2 to be associatedwith CHDs and VSDs. Findings for TSP were less consistent.

Autore Pugliese

• Gianicolo Emilio Antonio Luca , Mangia Cristina

Tutti gli autori

• Gianicolo E.A.L.; Bruni A.; Mangia C.; Cervino M.; Latini G.

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Anno di pubblicazione

2013

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