Abstract

In recent years the Internet spreading has carried to an increasing request of wider band and electronic integration for telecommunication network. This aspect leads to define new technologies, as Photonic BandGap (PBG) crystals, in order to obtain a faster data treatment. PBG crystals are able to overcome the typical integration limits of traditional optical circuits, allowing a scale of integration similar to the electronic ULSI. PBG crystals are materials able to influence the light propagation analogously it occurs for the propagation of the electrons in semiconductors. In fact, in photonic crystals, to propagate some light quanta (or photons) a principle similar to what is seen for the semiconductor crystals will be exploited, as the crystal periodicity is artificially realized by means of alternation of dielectric macroscopic materials. According to their geometrical characteristics, photonic crystals inhibit the light propagation in one or more directions, depending on the working frequency: if so, a band gap exists, i.e. a frequency range in which the wave cannot propagate. The introduction of defects inside the periodical structure of a photonic crystal determines the forming of photonic states located in the gap. Such characteristic is exploited to carry out devices with high capabilities, for example optical micro-resonators (in which a column is removed) or low losses waveguides, which are based on the presence of a bandgap and not on the total internal reflection. In this paper, after a brief description of operation principle of photonic crystals, we present a review of the most important photonic crystals devices, describing, in particular, the main steps required to model and to design resonant cavities and particle accelerators.

Autore Pugliese

• Perri Anna Gina

Tutti gli autori

• R. Marani , Perri A

Titolo volume/Rivista

LA COMUNICAZIONE

Anno di pubblicazione

2012

ISSN

1590-864X

ISBN

Non Disponibile

Numero di citazioni Wos

Nessuna citazione

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Numero di citazioni Scopus

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Settori ERC

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Codici ASJC

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