Abstract

1. Introduction Bioengineering is an applied engineering discipline with the aims to develop specific methods and technologies for a better understanding of biological phenomena and health solutions to face the problems regarding the sciences of life. It is based on fields such as biology, electronic engineering, information technology (I.T.), mechanics and chemistry (MIT, 1999). Methods of Bioengineering concern: the modeling of the physiological systems , the description of electric phenomena or magnetic ones ,the processing of data, the designing of medical equipments and materials or tissues, the study of organisms and the analysis of the link structure property typical of biomaterials or biomechanical structures. Technologies of Bioengineering include: biomedical and biotechnological instruments (from the elementary components to the most complex hospital systems), prosthesis, robots for biomedical uses, artificial intelligent system, sanitary management systems, information systems, medical informatics, telemedicine (J. E. Bekelman et al, 2003). Biomedicine has recently had an innovative impulse through applications of computer science in Bioengineering field. Medical Informatics or better the Bioinformatics technology is characterized by the development of automatic applications in the biological sector whose central element is the information. There are several reasons to apply the “computer science” in many fields, such as the biomedical one. Advantages as the turn-around time and precision are among the basically improving factors for a job. For example the identification of the functions of genes has taken advantage from the application of an automatically system of analysis of database containing the result of many experiments of microarray getting information on the human genes involved in pathologies (C. Müller et al, 2009). With a such approach regions with specifically activities have been identified inside the DNA regions, different regions exist in the genome, some stretches are the actual genes, others regulates the functions of the former ones. Other research have been made through computational techniques on the Functional Genomics, Biopolymers and Proteomics, Biobank e Cell Factory (M. Liebman et al, 2008). This chapter explores a particularly promising area of systems development technological based on the concept of knowledge. The knowledge is useful learning result obtained by an information processing activity. The Knowledge Engineering, regards the integration of the knowledge in computer systems in order to solve the difficult problems which typically require a high level of human specialization. (M. C. Linn, 1993). Whereas standalone computer system have had an important impact in Biomedicine, the computer networks are nowadays a technology to investigate new opportunities of innovation. The capacity of the networks to link so many information allows both to improve the already exis

Autore Pugliese

• Castellano Marcello

Tutti gli autori

• Castellano M , Stifini R

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Anno di pubblicazione

2011

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Settori ERC

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